Historical and Theoretical Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Chronicled and Theoretical Studies - Essay Example Unavoidably, inside this changing social atmosphere, plan took on new pretenses and performed new jobs. During the early after war time frame, which was one of financial, social and social remaking in the industrialized world, plan played a significant, albeit normally quiet, job. It turned into a significant factor inside two regions of after war life; the first as a feature of the need to make a national character for items on the worldwide market and the second in the development of mass culture - them two profoundly critical parts of the world history of the post-1945 period (Bonsiepe, 1965). Inside this monetary resurrection the assembling and exchange of products assumed a significant job. The purposes behind this resurgence were perplexing yet the most grounded upgrade, notwithstanding the various social and financial changes that happened in these years, was the quick improvement of innovation. Numerous advances had been made during the Second World War, remembering the improvement of radar and work for airplane creation which, in Britain, was supported into the 1950s. Maybe the most huge improvement of the late 1940s, in any case, was that of the transistor which made conceivable the scaling down of electronic gear, including PCs, which thusly were to assume such a focal job in the after war time frame, both in the computerization of creation and in data recovery (Stearn, 1968). Because of the various social, financial and mechanical changes that... The exercise introduced by the prewar USA model that 'structure sells' was found out and processed and got one of the significant techniques in many nations' projects of mechanical reproduction and inside global exchanging the after war time frame (Rogers, 1946). Structure in after war Italy rushed to form into an exceptionally advanced promoting exercise. Since its items were pointed from the earliest starting point at a little, rich, global market, Italy had the option to concentrate on quality and tasteful advancement as the two characterizing attributes of its purchaser merchandise. This definitely positioned a solid accentuation on the job of the originators, giving them the sole obligation of finding the privilege visual recipe for the item. Generally, disappointed with prewar Rationalism in view of its relationship with one party rule, they submitted their general direction to contemporary compelling artwork consolidating into a significant number of their structures exotic bends legitimately enlivened by the theoretical, natural figure of specialists like Henry Moore, Hans Arp, Alexander Calder and Max Bill (qq.v.). The Turinese furniture planner, Carlo Mollino (q.v.), took this expressive tasteful to an extraordinary in what he calle d his 'smooth out strange' tables and seats. Because of this spearheading work Italy, specifically Milan, before long turned into a middle for discussion and conversation about dynamic perspectives towards plan, and the after war Triennales, three-yearly presentations of structure which had been started during the 1920s (Huisman and Patrix, 1968). Mollino was the most particular of the Italian after war furniture creators. Situated in Turin as opposed to Milan where most furniture planning went on, he built up an individual style

Denver International Airport Uncovered Essay Sample free essay sample

When gotten some information about your involvement with the airdrome most would reply by expressing â€Å"It is dull and boring† or â€Å"a Byzantine large total of clasp spent waiting† . Be that as it may. words used to portray the Denver International Airport are entirely different. As you drive up to the far reaching passage of the 4. 8 billion dollar Denver International Airport you are hauntingly welcomed by â€Å"the Mustang† . Made by Luis Jimenez from New Mexico. the Mustang was the main bit of open craftsmanship to be made for the Denver International Airport in 1993. During the twenty-four hours the massive pale blue whole would hope to resemble a gigantic toy Equus caballus all things considered when dim work stoppages at the Denver International Airport the Mustang is alluded to as the â€Å"Blucifer† or â€Å"Satan’s Stallion† . You view what might appear to be a secretive bit of workmanship to now a sloping whole with brillianc e rosy eyes for the general public's viewing pleasure. We will compose a custom exposition test on Denver International Airport: Uncovered Essay Sample or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page After structure of the Mustang. the innovative individual. Jimenez was purportedly executed by his ain innovative action. During working of the creature Jimenez’s leg arteria was gravely punctured by the caput of the Mustang go forthing Jimenez shed blooding to perish. After the flighty expire of the imaginative individual many have said that the Mustang is an exclamation ; the dubious bit of craftsmanship has other than been supposed to be an advanced portrayal of the â€Å"Pale Equus caballus of the Apocalypse† which is the fourth Equus caballus in the book of Revelations in the Bible. what's more, will be all the more appropriately called: perish. Furthermore, potentially this sign of red hot bronzed and dark blue is the get bringing down point for the alliance that devours the Denver International Airport. For some an outing through the airdrome is surged and typically does non stay of clasp to take in 1s milieus. be that as it may, the milieus in DIA have a deathlike way of getting you in. Many divider canvases around separated all through the central floors of DIA. these divider artistic creations made by commended imaginative individual Leo Tanguma were allegedly bing more than 100. 000 dollars and the pictures should depict the idea of harmony and congruity. by and by upon more distant investigation many come to happen that the political direction on the most proficient method to get harmony and amicability was based off Nazis. One of the few divider works of art stuck around DIA is called â€Å"Peace and Harmony with Nature† The back place where there is the wall painting delineates a city covered in a dimness which infers that the city was tainted by gas like substances. Not so far away out yonder of the divider painting there is a woodland burning and as your eyes move nearer to the focal point of the wall painting you can picture various races of individuals keeping glass holders of what resembles kiping invigorate creatures. Furthermore, as you attract your eyes to the underside of the wall painting you can see three arrangements of final resting places. one consolidating a dark grown-up females. one keeping a Native American grown-up females. furthermore, one joining a youthful Judaic miss. Conceivably the most surprising painting posted in the Denver International Airport shows a hauntingly large Nazis type figure. This figure dressed in a green clock and secured by a gas veil is keeping an AK-47 of every one manus and in the different manus is keeping a major blade in which he is puncturing the pigeon of piece. Encompassing this chilling creature are kids and mother’s keeping their darlings. these individuals look as though they had kick ed the bucket and woke up again in Satan’s snake pit opening. Other than. down in the base corner. Tanguma the inventive individual. painted an existent letter that was composed by Hama Herchenberg. a four-adolescent twelvemonth old who passed on in 1943 because of the Holocaust. This message has been covered up. These two divider artistic creations are simply two representations of the few troubling divider works of art hung in the Denver International Airport. It is said that these divider works of art set up express an account of another universe request. While numerous alliances can be viewed as brainsick or crazy. it is obvious that these divider compositions are upseting and the beliefs that are delineated in these divider artistic creations are non goals that the specialists ought to non be publicsing to riders because of the lack of care appeared in these harsh pictures. So. one holds to ask why these divider works of art where put here. Adjacent to the conspicuous detestations held tight the dividers in this airdrome fascinating realit ies to the being of the development of the airdrome its conscience prompts intriguing choices. for delineation bizarre and wide inscriptions are dispersed among the main station of the waiting room.

Tips for Completing Your Application Duke University, Dartmouth College

This is part of a series of posts providing advice you can use when completing The Common Application for 2011. You can find the entire series, including  tips for the Common Apps required essays  and  advice on completing the activities section  at  https://blog.accepted.com/acceptedcom_blog/tag/2011-common-application-tips. Several colleges offer applicants the opportunity to submit a personal letter of recommendation.   For Duke University, it’s an optional letter from a parent, sibling, relative or friend.   Dartmouth College is a bit more restrictive, requiring a letter from one of your peers. How should you approach this portion of the application?   Should you send something at all?   In the case of the Duke application, consider sending a letter if you feel that it will enhance you application and add a different information from what you have already provided. One year, an applicant submitted a letter from his mother with his application.   At the time, I was reviewing applications for Washington University, and the letter stood out, as it was completely unsolicited. (It was probably also written for another college, which was fine.)   The mother, well she made a compelling argument for her son, beginning with the obvious statement, â€Å"that I am his mother, and of course I think that he is wonderful.†Ã‚   In subsequent paragraphs, she went further, offering anecdotes about how her son interacted with others and addressed problems.   She acknowledged his weaknesses, â€Å"he spends more time on the computer than we would like.†Ã‚   The key to her recommendation was its focus on the student with the supportive anecdotes providing new perspective. In a peer recommendation, a student supported her classmate by calling her experimental, and referred to their trip to a Japanese restaurant where the applicant ordered squid and eel, leaving the writer to timidly order fried vegetables. This student wrote a short 3 paragraphs letter, but she covered the nature of their relationships and personal experiences that brought the candidate to life. Perhaps the most important thing you can do in submitting one of these letters, is find a writer who is truly willing to spend the time it takes to write a focussed, specific, and interesting letter that will enhance your candidacy. Accepted.com ~ Helping You Write Your Best

Observing and describing verbal and nonverbal...

Bianca Wright Fontley Corrodus Sociology September 11, 2014 Observing and describing verbal and nonverbal communication Communication, the act or process of using words, sounds signs or behaviors to express or exchange information or to express your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc., to someone else. (Merriam Webster dictionary). There are four forms of communication; verbal, non-verbal, written and visual. Verbal communication, includes sounds, words, language, and speaking. The following is a great example of verbal communication. While eating dinner with my family at a Japanese steakhouse I was able to hear and observe a couples conversation taken place from the booth behind†¦show more content†¦While this conversation was taken place I also noticed facial expressions, which is a gesture executed by using facial muscles. Below is an example of how both gestures and facial expression are both used during a nonverbal conversation. Previously while at the library, I observed two gentlemen having a conversation, although I could hear the conversation I was unable to see it, while observing I noticed one gentlemen handing the other a dollar bill which made the gentlemen smile. From my observation I assumed that the gentlemen who received the money may have asked the gentlemen for a dollar possibly to get a cold refreshment, Being that he just got off of his bicycle in nearly 100 degree weather. From my observation I was able to conclude the guys were friends or possibly acquaintances. I was able to form a thesis, the guy smiled because his friend gave him a dollar bill. In conclusion, communication helps us better understand an individual or situation. Communication enables us to resolve differences, build friendships and trust. Could you imagine the world without communication? Imagine having generations all over the world which would have to learn everything from scratch, this is what would happen without any communication. Furthermore how would we be able to transfer all of our knowledge to the next person, better yet, how would we improve our capacity of knowledge as a whole. WeShow MoreRelated21st Century Student Observation Essays950 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: 21st CENTURY STUDENT 21st Century Student Observation Jordan F. Hollern Grand Canyon University: EDU 527 12/12/2011 21st Century Student Observation While observing middle school, high school and college age students at a local mall, I was taken aback by the differences in styles and attitudes from when I attended those various levels of education. 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As one reads an interpersonal communication theory, he or she may find himself or herself thinking of instances in daily life and relationships that directly correspond with the theory. I found the theories to be eerily similar to how many people behave, communicate, and think with regards to interacting with one another. Interpersonal communication theories describeRead MoreCommunication Essay2481 Words   |  10 PagesInterpersonal Communication Essay Communication is the first instrument that humans used in their process to socialize, interact with others and can be defined as the process of sending information about our though, opinions, feelings to another person . Why we communicate? We communicate to know each other, to find out about others emotions, to change information, to convince others to understand our point of view and build relations. 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During the first phase, when strangers are faced with each other in a particular situation, their communication behaviors are determined by a set of communication rules or norms and they tend to ask and give a symmetric amount of information. After interactants start to explore each other’s atti tudes and opinions, they are ready for the second phase which contains socially undesirable

Macbeth, By William Shakespeare - 1416 Words

William Shakespeare’s tragic play Macbeth is widely renowned and respected as one of the most influential works in history. Taylah Thirlwall compares Geoffrey Wright’s 2006 film to Roman Polanski’s 1971 film, and scrutinizes the portrayal of Masculinity. Using guns for swords and drugs for poison, the Melbourne’s Underground becomes a frolicking pitch for Wright’s Macbeth. Daggers, illusion and battling provides a framework into the highlighted theme of masculinity. What is masculinity, and the relation of this cohesive concept to Shakespeare’s classic Macbeth? William Shakespeare was truly a master at idolising the masculinity of a character. Throughout Roman Polanski’s 1971 version of Macbeth, he demonstrates an accurate masculinity†¦show more content†¦In the accumulation to the famous battle scene, set in the castle of Dunsinane, Macbeth embroidered â€Å"I’ll fight till from my bones my flesh be hack’d.Give me my armour† (5.3.30-32). Within this scene Polanski is viewed as a loyal and vigorous man and gives the audience a visual understanding on the masculinity of the character. Geoffrey Wright’s amateur film version of Macbeth, delivers the audience a cringe worthy adaptation of masculity, to the character Macbeth. Costuming within Wright’s film, provides the views with an impression that Macbeth as an acquisitive egotistical man. A scene in Wright’s film where Macbeth is at his haughty banquet, he wears a black velvet buttoned up jacket, with an embodied floral pattern, stopping only half way up to show his stubbly chest. To match the exotic black shirt, a pair of straight slick velvet disco pants are shown off†¦ Now is this really masculine? This quivering, perplexing representation of masculinity towards a modern audience is distressingly incorrect. Polanski’s visual of costuming, gives the audience a real description into how masculinity should be represented in the modern society. To top off the cringe worthy appearance, Wright attempts to use cinematography, to portray masculinity towards his noble Macbeth. Instead within the scene, at the banquet held for Duncan, Macbeth is viewed upon with unnatural and unpleasant buttery lighting with limited close up shots of his face.

The Demographic Segmentation

Question: Write an essay on The demographic segmentation of the customers. Answer: The demographic segmentation of the customers is based on the some particular properties such as age, sex, income, marital status, occupation and ethnicity of the customers. It has been observed that travel and tourism organizations of Australia and New Zealand, cosmetic manufacturers and precooked food manufacturers are affected by the demographic trends (Schiffman et al. 2013). The travel and tourism organization of Australia and New Zealand have targeted the most of the people aged between 25-60 years (Hosany and Prayag 2013). The precooked food manufacturer organizations have targeted most of the people aged between 25-35 years (Visschers et al. 2013). The cosmetic organizations have targeted most of the people aged between 20-65 years. Additionally, the requirement of the customers depends on the places where they live or stay. The Baby Boomers or generation X customers have spent half life in United States. The people had born between the tears of 1946 to 1964 (Valentine and Po wers 2013). They are the old people but interested about the places in Australia and New Zealand. Generation Y customers are mostly family person. 60% of the generation Y customers have started their married life and conscious about the family expenses (Sandy et al. 2013). The generation Z people have born between the years of 1995 to 2016 (Newton and Meyer 2013). Those people have started their professional career and passionate about their hobbies. However, those people are not frequently taking vacation tours. However, that group use cosmetic products and eat the precooked foods. Objectives: To understand the demand of the different customers and prepare the products or service as well To understand the impact of age and income of the customers on the business of travel and tourism organizations, precooked food organization and cosmetic organization. Understanding the demography: Details of age demography: As stated by Muruganantham and Bhakat (2013), the travel and tourism companies, precooked food manufacturers and cosmetic brands have faced issues by the Baby Boomers. The Baby Boomers have spent half life in United States. The people had born between the tears of 1946 to 1964. They are the old people but interested about the places in Australia and New Zealand (Vanhonacker et al. 2013). The travel and tourism organization has observed that the Baby Boomers have enjoyed the holiday life very luxuriously along with their grand children. However, the travel and tourism organizations of Australia and New Zealand have observed that the some tourists have stayed alone for their profession purpose. Therefore, the travel and tourism organizations have provided the adventure packages for them. Therefore, the travel and tourism organization have focused on those people. As stated by Solomon et al. (2012), the travel and tourism organizations, cosmetic and precooked food organization have observed that the ratio of youth and the older citizen is 3:1. Therefore, companies have targeted those customer groups for their products and service. As stated by Dolnicar et al. (2013), the travel and tourism industry of Australia and New Zealand has identified the requirements of the tourists and provide services accordingly. The travel and tourism industry has observed that the youth and the elderly travelers love to spend their vacations at popular places such as Victoria Delight, Sydney and Surrounds and Gold Coast. On the other hand, other popular places have been categorized depending on the purpose of visits such as family, romance, individual, adventure, shopping, honeymoon and nature (Parment 2013). The organization has observed that all holiday destinations are suitable for the family segment. On the other hand, the newly married individuals and couples prefer Victoria Delight, Sydney and Surrounds, Ground Pacific Drive, Rotorua, Queenstown, Auckland, Glacier Region, MT Cook and Cairns. However, the honeymoon couples prefer Auckland, Sydney, Cairns, Gold Coast, Rotarua, Queensland, Glacier region and Christchurch (Schif fman et al. 2013). Therefore the travel and tourism industry has implemented the strategy to recommend the most suitable place to the visitors as per their age, income and marital status. Precooked food: On the other hand the precooked food manufacturers have observed that the demand of the precooked foods among the alone professionals are high. Therefore, the precooked food manufacturers have targeted those customers. As stated by Hosany and Prayag (2013), the precooked food manufacturers have observed that the 5% generation Y customers have bought the precooked food from the shops or super market. Therefore, the pre cooked food manufacturers have not considered the requirements of the generation Y customers. Cosmetic products: It has been observed that females are familiar with the cosmetic products rather than males. The cosmetic product manufactures have observed that the demand for cosmetic products begins as early as adolescence and it used by elderly and old individuals. On the other hand, the cosmetic companies have observed that demands of the children are negligible. The cosmetic companies have considered the maximum demands of the people of 18 years to 65 years (Visschers et al. 2013). However, the demands of cosmetic products are high among the age group of 22 to 50 years. On the other hand the demands of the women are higher than the men. As stated by Valentine and Powers (2013), the senior citizens are the larger consumers of the cosmetic products rather than the younger generations. According to the demand graph of the people, the demand of the people increase gradually from the age group of 5 to 12 years and after 60 years the demand decreases. On the other hand the old age dependency has dec reased the demand of the old people. As argued by Sandy et al. (2013), it has been observed that the some old age people are very rich and love to spend their vacation in wonderful holiday destinations. On the other hand some rich old people love to use the costly cosmetic products. Therefore, the age dependency has not created any obstacle on their habits or passion. Impact of income level of the people: As stated by Newton and Meyer (2013), the travel and tourism industry has also considered the financial conditions of the tourists because some holiday packages are expensive. Moreover, services may be altered as they depend on the prices of the packages. It has been observed that some retired individuals are rich and they did not compromise the luxury services such as food, accommodation and transport for money. Therefore organizations in the travel and tourism industry have implemented three different packages such as standard, first class and deluxe so that tourists of different economical groups can choose their packages as per their financial abilities (Muruganantham and Bhakat 2013). It has been observed that some cosmetic products are much expensive than the regular cosmetic products. Surprisingly the elderly customers have used it rather than the young customers. Some old customers have greater financial capability to use some of the exclusive brands of cosmetic products. How ever, the percentage is low, but the cosmetic manufacturers consider these customers in a separate segment. It has been observed that the generation Y customers are mostly family person. 60% of the generation Y customers have started their married life and conscious about the family expenses. On the other hand those people have just started their professional life and tried to fulfill their expectation. They have taken the loan and bough cars (Solomon et al. 2012). Therefore, those customers have maintained tight budget to maintain the family needs. Therefore, the cosmetic companies have observed the financial condition of the y generation customers and implemented the low price cosmetics. However, the travel and tourism organizations have observed that some people are too passionate about the holiday trip (Behe et al. 2013). Due to the tight budget, those people may not afford the holiday packages. Therefore, the travel and tourism companies have implemented the standard holiday package for those customers. As stated by Dolnicar et al. (2013), the demographic segmentation is important for three different industries such as travel and tourism, precooked food and cosmetic industries. It has been observed that the data is easily available. Those organizations have critically observed that age, income, gender, ethnic background and family life cycle of the customers. It has been observed that those companies have focused on different age groups. The travel and tourism organizations have focused on the age group of 20 to 65 years (Parment 2013). The travel and tourism organizations have focused on both male and female customers. On the other hand the cosmetic companies have focused on the age group of 15 to 70 years. However, the cosmetic companies have focused on the female customers rather than male customers. It has been observed that maximum people have earned approximately $50,000 per year (Schiffman et al. 2013). Therefore most people have preferred the standard and first class service from the travel and tourism companies. As argued by Hosany and Prayag (2013), the travel and tourism organizations of Australia and New Zealand, precooked food and cosmetic companies have not considered the tweens group as target customers. The tweens are the children and belong between the age group of 9 to 12 (Visschers et al. 2013). However, the travel and tourism companies have implemented the discounts policy for the tweens. It has been observed that the travel and tourism companies have considered one child and another one is absolutely free. Conclusion: Travel and tourism industry, cosmetic industry and pre cooked food industries of Australia and New Zealand have maintained the demographic segmentation for their business purpose. The organizations have segmented the customers on their age, income and marital status. The travel and tourism industry is focused on the people aged between 25-60 years. The precooked food industry is focused on the people aged between 23-35 years. The cosmetic industry is focused on the customers aged between 15 to 65 years. However, the income status of the customers has affected three industries. It has been observed that the people have earned high income between the age group of 30 to 60 years. After retired, the income level has decreased. However, some rich persons have afforded the deluxe service and costly cosmetics. On the other hand the middle income people have afforded the standard and first class services and general cosmetic products after their retired life. Reference list: Behe, B.K., Campbell, B.L., Hall, C.R., Khachatryan, H., Dennis, J.H. and Yue, C., 2013. Consumer preferences for local and sustainable plant production characteristics.HortScience,48(2), pp.200-208. Dolnicar, S., Lazarevski, K. and Yanamandram, V., 2013. Quality of life and tourism: a conceptual framework and novel segmentation base.Journal of Business Research,66(6), pp.724-729. Hosany, S. and Prayag, G., 2013. Patterns of tourists' emotional responses, satisfaction, and intention to recommend.Journal of Business Research,66(6), pp.730-737. Muruganantham, G. and Bhakat, R.S., 2013. A review of impulse buying behavior.International Journal of Marketing Studies,5(3), p.149. Newton, P. and Meyer, D., 2013. Exploring the attitudes-action gap in household resource consumption: Does environmental lifestyle segmentation align with consumer behaviour?.Sustainability,5(3), pp.1211-1233. Parment, A., 2013. Generation Y vs. Baby Boomers: Shopping behavior, buyer involvement and implications for retailing.Journal of Retailing Sandy, C.J., Gosling, S.D. and Durant, J., 2013. Predicting consumer behavior and media preferences: The comparative validity of personality traits and demographic variables.Psychology Marketing,30(11), pp.937-949. Schiffman, L., O'Cass, A., Paladino, A. and Carlson, J., 2013.Consumer behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU. Solomon, M., Russell-Bennett, R. and Previte, J., 2012.Consumer behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU. Valentine, D. and Powers, T., 2013. Generation Y values and lifestyle segments.Journal of consumer marketing,30(7), pp.597-606. Vanhonacker, F., Van Loo, E.J., Gellynck, X. and Verbeke, W., 2013. Flemish consumer attitudes towards more sustainable food choices.Appetite,62, pp.7-16. Visschers, V.H., Hartmann, C., Leins-Hess, R., Dohle, S. and Siegrist, M., 2013. A consumer segmentation of nutrition information use and its relation to food consumption behaviour.Food Policy,42, pp.71-80.

Volleyball Essay Summary Example For Students

Volleyball Essay Summary The sport of volleyball originated in the United States, and is now just achieving the type of popularity in the U.S. that it has received on a global basis, where it ranks behind only soccer among participation sports. Today there are more than 46 million Americans who play volleyball. There are 800 million players worldwide who play Volleyball at least once a week. In 1895, William G. Morgan an instructor at the Young Mens Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Mass., decided to blend elements of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball to create a game for his classes of businessmen which would demand less physical contact than basketball. He created the game of Volleyball (at that time called mintonette). Morgan borrowed the net from tennis, and raised it 6 feet 6 inches above the floor, just above the average mans head. During a demonstration game, someone remarked to Morgan that the players seemed to be volleying the ball back and forth over the net, and perhaps volleyball would be a more descriptive name for the sport. On July 7, 1900 at Springfield College the first game of volleyball was played. In 1900, a special ball was designed for the sport. Volleyball can be played indoors and outdoors. It was adopted as an indoor Olympic sport in 1964 at Tokyo. In 1984 the United States men and women won their first Olympic Volleyball medals. In 1996, two-person beach volleyball was approved as an Olympic Sport. Todays NCAA Volleyball is more popular and exciting than ever. Some top collegian programs include Long Beach State, Penn State, BYU, UCLA, Hawaii and Stanford. We will write a custom essay on Volleyball Summary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Some of the best players ever to play the sport include Karch Kiraly, Gabrielle Reese, Sinjin Smith, Misty May and Ryan Millar. Today the game of volleyball requires team strategies and highly refined individual skills. Outdoor volleyball, which is played with two or four people for each side, is becoming more and more popular across the nationA typical volleyball game lasts about 25 minutes. It is a team sport played by two teams consisting of six people on a playing court divided by a net. The object of the game is for each team to send the ball regularly over a net in order to ground it on the opponents side, and to prevent the opponents from doing the same. The ball is put into play by the right back row player who serves the ball into their opponents court. The rally continues until the ball is grounded on the playing court, goes out or a team fails to return it properly. Only the team, which is serving, can score a point. The players are split into back and front row; the playe rs in the front are usually the key hitters and the ones who will get the ball passes/set to. The players in the back row normally concentrate on defense and passing the ball to the setter who is the main person in the offensive attack. A team wins a game by scoring 15 points with a two-point advantage; and the match by winning the best three of five games. In a deciding, fifth game, which is called a rally game, a point is scored no matter which team is serving. A team earns a point when serving and when they side-out. A team is allowed to hit the ball three times (not counting a block contact) to return it to the opponents court. A player may not catch, lift, scoop, or throw the ball. They also may not hit the ball twice consecutively when attempting a pass or block. In a regular volleyball game, only the serving team may score a point. A player may serve anywhere behind the backline, but between the courts boundary/side lines. A point is scored if the serving team wins the rally. If the serving team does not win the rally then it is a side-out to the other team. When the receiving team wins a rally, it gains the right to serve, and its players rotate one position clockwise. For instance, the player in the right back move to middle back, the player in left back moves to left front. Rotation ensures that players play both the front row

Defining a Communication Plan

Defining a Communication Plan IntroductionWhile the marketing concept has always focused on consumer needs, the practice of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) has truly provided the first major effort to truly put the customer in the centre of companies marketing activities. IMC is not only needed, but critical to marketing success, especially when designing a marketing communication plan. Many tools to can be used to identify the target market for the maximum exposure for a company such as demographics and psychographic factors and the need to formulate the segmentation of a target market.Role of research in IMCThe foundation of IMC starts with sufficient research to understand who the target market is, where they are, what they want to hear, how they want to be communicated with, and how they define a positive relationship with the organization. By focusing a consistent and appropriate message to a defined market, the furniture Olive realizes if the U.SDiversification (marketing strategy)target market is researched correctly they can break through the competitive market.Impact of STP on IMCSegmentation start by recognizing that increasingly, within the target market for a product, specific tastes, needs and demand may differ. It breaks down the total market for a product or service into individual clusters of customers. In segmentation, targeting and positioning, Olive identifies distinct subsets of their customers in the market for furniture where any subset might eventually be selected as a market target.Segmentation and targeting of the audienceThis simulation makes use of demographics. Demographics, such as; age, income and social class, upper and middle class can used to subdividing markets. Specifically, Olive finds that their target market would be based on lifestyle and psychographics. Self-Actualizes and Tightrope walkers were the best for Olive. The two groups value style and quality while being brand conscious.Positioning platform for IMCA consideration when selecting pos itioning...

Amiri Barakas Dutchman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Amiri Barakas Dutchman - Essay Example Also, mutually make the summit that sexual relationships across racial lines do not increase understanding, nor should it put in to any sense of ability about the life of the other. In the Dutchman, we bystander a subway ride with Clay, early-20s middle class black chap, and Lula, a closer to 30, stimulating white women (Freeman 45). All through the engage in hobby Lula taunts Clay, hints in the path of the apparition of sex, claims to recognize about his "type", then subsequently moves next to affronts and "Uncle Tom" derisions, swelling the panorama significantly. Basically, at its core, Clay is spokesperson of black assimilationists, and Lula might be any white noninterventionist who declares to know how black populace are and how they should be, and Amiri Baraka finally seems to have no survival for furthermore lone of them (Freeman 46). If the Dutchman is bursting of antipathy, the Slave takes that theme to a whole unrelated level. In this play, we have 3 typescript Grace and Ea sley, an ashen broadminded link; and Walker a black chap that we are initial opened to as intoxicated with a weapon, but later on learn out that he is the earlier-husband of Grace (Freeman 48). In the backdrop blasts choose a pin number present or prospect combat amid blacks in addition to whites. Walker is the person in charge of an aggressive radical black release movement whose ultimate goal seems to be to be applicable all white people (Freeman 49). We learn that Grace had left Walker years prior to for the very simple reason that if his aim was to slay all ashen people, and she ensued to be ashen, then she might not estimate herself safe (Freeman 50). Even though Walker is a killer, he is still clearly a sufferer in this play, since the need for destructive ethnic war could only happen out of decades of compulsion without respite (Freeman 51). The vitriol builds in this appoint in recreation in such a technique that at hand is only lone predictable completing (Freeman 52). A pr opensity observes Baraka's plays as the apotheosis  of the communication of the Black Arts association can sometimes unsighted us to the numerous complexities of his job (O'neal 16). One viewpoint from which we can attitude his job is to observe it not as the uncomplicated, straight-forward personification of the thoughts of "jingoism" and "upheaval," or as an phrase of a "true black uniqueness," but as an attempt to extricate the received hostility between a combination of binary group such as aesthetic/political affairs, black/white, entity/community, pretense/face, and Europe/Africa by concomitantly occupying a fundamentally altered viewpoint and privileging marginalized circumstances (O'neal 18). Dutchman has been one of the majorities well-liked of Jones/Baraka's plays and consequently one that has received copious serious attentiveness (O'neal 19). In a significant and then-inclusive study of Baraka's job, Baraka: The rebel and the disguise, Kimberly W. Benston draws in the deed of the slot in in recreation an archetypal tragic prototype: "the drop from asset through hamartia, and from hamartia to calamity (O'neal 20). Through tracing the classic tragic first of its kind in Clay's fall, Benston places him historically as a pre-revolutionary fatality who is also the harbinger of eventual black accomplishment (O'neal 27). In a later dissertation, "Performing Blackness," Benston sketches two dissimilar theories of black selfhood  and the arrangement of that selfhood by and in the "play" of verbal communication. He distinctions Ralph Ellison's hallucination of blackness as an continuously mediated sign with what he proposes is Baraka's more "indispensable" figuration  of blackness. "For Baraka," Benston articulates The plot of Dutchman is exposed and bleak. Other

Impact of Culture on International Business Essay

Impact of Culture on International Business - Essay Example However, in the USA, the level of power distance is quite low and this shows that the intensity of interpersonal conflicts is quite high among the members. So, the entrepreneur needs to communicate very tactfully, in order to maintain cooperation and coordination among all. Similarly as the rate of individualism in the USA is extremely high so the entrepreneur needs to offer equal opportunities and wages to its members. Then, the level of motivation and morale of each of the employees of any newly developed organization might get enhanced towards their assigned tasks. Thus if equal opportunities and facilities are offered to the members or employees of the organization of USA, then their rate of dissatisfaction might get reduced to a significant extent. By reducing the rate of dissatisfaction, the level of coordination and teamwork among the employees might get declined to result in amplification of the brand value of the organization (Hofstede, n. d.). Prior developing a business in the United States of America, the entrepreneur needs to be well-versed with the language, customs, habits, and etiquettes, along with cultural dimensions, mentioned above so as to make the enterprise extremely successful in long run. The citizens of USA speak both American as well as Canadian English at the time of conversing with others. The Americans desire to make friendships with all and offer gifts to retain their relationships for the long run. This type of attitude helps to maintain uniqueness and equality among all the members. Moreover, the American citizens always offer high attention to dress codes and shaking of hands to maintain the level of relationships. This is one their business etiquettes that helps to maintain uniformity and coordination among all of the employees of an organization or citizens of the country of USA.

Promotional media communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Promotional media communication - Essay Example 1) – in this case, focused on United Kingdom. The researcher will therefore employ direct observation, interviews or by using questionnaires. Conclusions derived are technically subjective and researcher is often stringently concern about making broad generalization of matter as the subject of inquiry (Sothern, 2013, p. 1). The Company Coca-Cola is a business leader in beverage production and retailing industry. It has a global operation and is selling diverse beverages that suit best to consumers' taste which inspire them to maximize the products for home or for either private or public occasions. One of its leading product is Coca-cola diet, a soda but with limited value of calorie. In its Facebook account, Diet Coke is marketed as an extraordinary beverage and was historically introduced as developed since 1982 which was claimed to have catapulted as the leading diet soft drink of the world, thus, the brand is sustained until these days (Diet Coke, 2013, p. 1). Diet Coke is produced to target consumers that are interested on maintaining a low-calorie diet, or those that are diagnosed with diabetes, and yet will still savour such tasty delight (Diet Coke, 2013, p. 1). ... 1) By 1986, the company prided to have reached about 61 countries as market zone with an estimated 60 million cans served daily (Diet Coke, 2013, p. 1). Since it gained a global prestige, the company aired its first commercial advertisement using the slogan – â€Å"Just For the Taste of It† (Diet Coke, 2013, p. 1). On same year, the company attempted to draw the market attention by adding cherry flavour to Diet Coke and also maximized a print advertisement by using the carved monuments of political heroes of America in 1987 to project such â€Å"monumental taste† (Diet Coke, 2013, p. 1). Later, the Company maximized Oxford Plains Speedway to promote the first Diet Coke 100 until it optimized the 3D advertisement during the Big game by bannering the slogan â€Å"The Move Is On to Diet Coke† (Diet Coke, 2013, p. 1). It continued to promote the product as extraordinary in 1989 with Gary Weismann as the consumer’s endorser, tagging along with it the pro minence of a superhero action star (Diet Coke, 2013, p. 1). Almost ten years after, Diet Coke was recognized as the brand of the decade in 1990 and sustained sporting its image with Batman (Diet Coke, 2013, p. 1). Being avidly consumed in the market, the company decided to celebrate its 10th anniversary at New York’s Time Square (Diet Coke, 2013, p. 1). In 1993, Diet Coke was promoted as a beverage that suits the taste of all with only one calorie and which was followed with salacious advertisement that those who would buy for it ‘break for refreshment solely for diet Coke (Diet Coke, 2013, p. 1).† Playing with the people’ interest of the universe and the space, the company also decided to let astronauts bring Diet Coke to outer world in 1995 under the quest of ‘testing the formula

Distance Learning and Black Board Essay -- essays papers

Distance Learning and Black Board Distance learning is when students take courses by using some form of communication other than face to face communication with an instructor. This type of learning has been used since as far back as the 1800’s when adults would learn handwriting by ordering lessons through the mail (Cosgrove 2002). The technology for distance learning has been progressing for some time now. Iowa State University started to offer courses through television in 1934 (Cosgrove 2002). These days we use the Internet for distance learning. Distance learning has recently become more popular and more advanced; there are now programs that can help professors organize their online classes. Online classes are a convenient and simple way to communicate to a class and even run an entire classroom without even stepping out of your office. In a study it was found that â€Å"nearly 50% of higher education institutions currently engage in sometype of online learning† (Educational p.1). A popular program that many schools and professors use is Blackboard. Matthew Pittinsky and Michael Chasen along with a student-faculty group from Cornell University developed Blackboard in 1997 (Our History p. 2). They wanted to â€Å"transform the Internet into a powerful environment for the educational experience† (Our History p.1). Blackboard now has over 500 clients who use their products (â€Å"Blackboard Timeline† p.5). If Blackboard has over 500 clients now, think about how well they will do when the technology develops more. Online classes are something that will continue to progress into the future. The Blackboard program is currently available for schools with grades K-12, Higher education, Corporate and Government businesses (Demonstrations and... ...tance Learning.† Retrieved December 1,2004. http://www.instudy.com/articles/saww6a03.htm Gottschalk, Tania H. March 5,2004. â€Å"Guide #1:Distance Education: An Overview†. Retrieved September 26,2004. http://uidaho.edu/eo/dist1.html. Shamber, Linda (1988). â€Å"Delivery Systems for Distance Education.† Eric Digest. Retrieved September 26, 2004, from Eric Digests (ED304111). Towson University. Retrieved October 3, 2004. http://wwwnew.towson.edu/facultyonline/TutorialsAndResources/. Towson Univeristy. Retrieved October 3, 2004. http://www.towson.edu/learnonline/faq.html. Towson University. Retrieved October 3,2004. http://wwwnew.towson.edu/facultyonline/tutorialsandresourses/helpsheets/ removingareasofbb/index. â€Å"Online Degrees, Online Degree Programs, and Online Universities.† Retrieved December 1,2004. http://www.online-degree-information.com/.

How Retail Operations Management Objectives Can Best Be Achieved

Retailing is now one of the world’s largest industries and it is in a permanent state of change. This change has been accelerating over the past decade, (Zentes et al. , 2011: Pg. 1). This sector is not only more competitive than in the past but the consumer is also increasingly more demanding and more complex, (Gordon et al. , 2006: Pg. 22). Retailers have to predict the desires of fickle customers, buy and allocate complex sets of merchandise, set the right prices, and offer the right promotions for each individual item.However, there are often wide gaps between supply and demand, which leave retailers holding too much of what customers don’t want, and too little of what they do’, (Friend and Walker, 2001: Pg. 133). This is a huge challenge which faces the retailer of today. Fisher et al. , (2000: Pg. 115) maintains that retailing’s formula for perfection is offering the right product in the right place at the right time for the right price. This is no e asy feat for the retailer and with merchandising decisions becoming more complex, the penalties for errors too are even steeper, (Friend and Walker, 2001: Pg. 33). This is why Gordon et al. ,(2006: Pg. 24) notes that in today’s cutthroat market, there is no place for a ‘head in the sand’ attitude. The importance of the areas of ‘retailing’s formula for perfection’ as stated by Fisher et al. , (2000) will now be examined theoretically and subsequently researched in the context of a successful, independent fashion boutique, Emporium Kalu. Right Product ‘Retailers capture their customers’ interest by the nature of their product range’, (Varley, 2006: Pg. 8).Fashion markets have become increasingly complex with consumers fragmenting into small groups who have very different needs and demand very different products. Varley, (2006: Pg. 8), maintains that product helps to position a retailer against it’s competitors within a given market, but problem many companies today face is that they sell very similar products and services to those of their competitors, (Ingenhoff et al. , 2010:83). Therefore, tremendous pressure is put on retailers to offer the customer something different, (Dvorak et al. , 1996: Pg. 121). In making roduct decisions for individual stores, buyers and retail managers have long relied on instinct, (Friend and Walker, 2001: Pg. 133) but in today’s marketplace many more factors need to be considered. What is at the core of the ‘right’ product is the retailer’s target market, they need to be given a good reason to choose one retailer over another, (Varley, 2006: Pg. 8). Four major trends which affect the consumer’s choice of product have been emerging in recent times.Since the consumer is at the core of what the ‘right’ product is, the retailer must pay attention to these trends and how they relate to their target customer. . The Savvy Co nsumer Whether you are a value fashion retailer or a high end department store, it is necessary to acknowledge that today, the consumer is more tuned in to the latest trends and styles in the fashion industry. Consumers have become more savvy about fashion as they can now access information about various fashion events around the world almost immediately through internet media like blogging, video sharing and podcasts. An increased number of weekly glossies, e. g. Grazia, also fuels this consumer demand for the latest look at a faster pace (Barnes, 2006:260).The consumer now knows what ‘should’ be in-store and retailers will suffer if they cannot provide this to their customers when they expect it. 2. Celebrity power Many Irish consumers find their fashion influenced a great deal by celebrities, with this being the most likely facet of their lives to be influenced by celebrity culture, (Mintel, Clothing Retailing-Ireland, 2011). Star style has never been more accessible . As a result of this constant exposure to celebrity lifestyle, 8% of Irish consumers claim that celebrities influence their purchases, (Mintel, Clothing Retailing-Ireland, 2011).This report continues to detail how this high level of interest in celebrities and their lifestyles is beneficial to the clothing retailing market and can be used as a tool to attract consumers by adding value to a clothing retailer’s product range, and help to drive sales. This can be seen when brands of clothing celebrities wear or clothing lines where a retailer collaborates with celebrities and well known fashion designers become popular. â€Å"In a celebrity-obsessed world, it’s no surprise that we all want to copy what famous faces are wearing†, (www. gsn. com, 2010). Celebrities, according to Olympio, (2007) represent a â€Å"glamour that most of us have idolized and wanted for our own†. This concept can be said to be the reason why people emulate styles they have seen on celebrities, for example, Joan Collins, who in the soap opera ‘Dynasty’, made shoulder pads a signature trend of the 1980’s. This can also be seen today where Sarah Jessica Parker, in ‘Sex and the City’ helped make Manolo Blahnik, the shoe designer, a household name, (www. wgsn. com, 2010).Retailers who choose to sell brands that are publicly linked or associated to a celebrity will stand to be of benefit if their target consumer aspires to be like said celebrity. 3. The Concept of Fast Fashion Gordon et al. , (2006: Pg. 22), remarks that retailers have to deal with constantly shorter product lifecycles. Fast fashion is a business strategy which aims to get new fashion product into stores in the shortest time possible and reduce the processes involved in the buying cycle consequently satisfying consumer demand, (Barnes et al. , 2006: 259, Bruce et al. , 2006: 330).This notion of consumer demand driving the fast fashion industry demonstrates the need to have the ability to act accordingly and respond quickly to these demands. Today, successful fast fashion companies have been moving away from the traditional fashion buying cycle of seasonal forecasting from historical sales one year in advance, (Bruce et al. , 2006:330), to creating smaller collections more frequently, (Barnes et al. , 2006: 261). Barnes et al. , (2006: 261), believe this is as a result of fashion trends being moulded by â€Å"what is happening on the street, in clubs, lifestyle hotspots and not 12months in advance of a selling season†.Long buying cycles have become inappropriate for the demands of modern fashion consumers. Bruce et al. , (2006: 329), maintain this is because fashion consumers â€Å"expect and thrive on constant change and so new products have to be available on a frequent basis†. It is no longer sufficient for retailers to have the same collection in-store all season; product ranges need to be constantly refreshed in order to be à ¢â‚¬Ëœright’. â€Å"Quick response is a concept that has become synonymous with the textile and apparel supply chain†, (Barnes et al. , 2006: 263).This approach to supply chain management is regarded as information driven, minimal pre-season ordering is engaged in and more frequent, in-season small orders are placed to take advantage of improved speed and flexibility, (Christopher et al. , 2004 as cited by Barnes et al. , 2006: 263). This quick response method allows companies to respond almost instantly to catwalk trends that would appeal to their target audience, therefore providing them with the ‘right’ product. The success of this high volume/low cost business model is down to constant and regular updates of fashion collections.For these types of retailer, (value) this has historically been the ‘right’ product as it satisfies the need for ‘newness’ by the consumer at a low cost, something which is central to what their target market seeks. 4. Quality Vs. Quantity: Durability has been found to be a key concern for Irish consumers as four in five R. o. I. consumers claim to make their clothes last, (Mintel, Clothing Retailing-Ireland, 2011). With the occurrence of the recession, consumers are more inclined to want to get the best value for money out of all the products that they buy.In terms of the clothing industry, they are increasingly likely to claim that they make their clothing last a long time. According to Mintel (2011), 81% of R. o. I. consumers agree with this statement as they note between 2007 and 2010 there was an 11 percentage-point increase in agreement with this statement among R. o. I consumers. This highlights that Irish consumers, are increasingly moving away from disposable fashion (i. e. clothing that they may only wear a few times), and towards buying clothing that they expect to last a long time, illustrating a higher demand for quality.Consumers who are now searching for high qualit y investment pieces that will last are driving sales within the premium womenswear market. â€Å"Nearly a quarter (23%) of women are opting to invest in fewer items of superior quality clothing that will last, a substantial increase of 10 percentage points since 2010†, (Mintel, Is the Era For Fast, Disposable Fashion Coming to an End? , 2011). While consumers may be seen to be cutting back in the recession but they are still willing to pay for high quality clothing, (Mintel, Clothing Retailing-Ireland, 2011).With this trend growing, it is necessary for the retailer to evaluate whether their target market is interested or seeking this quality in order to provide the ‘right’ product to them. The type of product on offer in Emporium Kalu has been described as having ‘fashion aesthetic that is unlike anything you will find anywhere else in Ireland’, (Harris, 2011). The Emporium Kalu customer is a ‘business woman, a student, a mother, a grandmother, anyone who wants to be feminine, elegant and unique. She appreciates beautiful design, stunning quality fabrics and subtle detail.She likes to wear timeless, great fitting pieces but puts them together in an individual and personal way’, (Louise Flanagan, co-owner of Emporium Kalu, 2011). The owners of the boutique, who are in business nearly fifteen years now, really know their customer. They have fantastic know-how on what customers want, (Harris, 2011). They pride themselves on offering their consumer exclusivity and uniqueness in their labels, (Louise Flanagan, 2011). They deliver on this by offering high quality brands such as Giles, Galliano, Maria Grachvogel, Alice by Temperley, M Missoni, Vivienne Westwood Red Label, and D&G.Kate O’Dwyer, (co-owner of Emporium Kalu) has stated that ‘even if we have a label that might be stocked somewhere else, we buy it differently. We buy it with the Emporium Kalu attitude. So it is always different to what you will fin d elsewhere’, (as cited in Harris, 2011). They are constantly searching for the ‘next big label’ so keeping a close eye celebrity fashion is a must. It is through this product differentiation and clear focus on their customer that Emporium Kalu have succeeded in buying the ‘right’ product for their store.Right Place/Location ‘A common cause of business failure among retailers is the selection of the wrong store location’, (Mazze, Pg. 17). Zentes et al. , (2011: Pg. 203), agrees and adds that a good location can lead to strong competitive advantages as location is ‘unique’ and thus cannot be imitated by competitors. It is necessary however for the location of a store to be appropriate to the retail business because in order to reach the right kind of customer it is important for a store to be in a street that reflects its image, (Varley, 2006: Pg. 173).The success of a retail store depends on many factors such as the storeâ⠂¬â„¢s location in relation to the region and the state, its situation within the community, its location on the street or in the shopping centre and the characteristics of the community and trading area, (Mazze, Pg. 17). The retailer also needs to take into account, the customer’s perception of the shopping task. Mazze explains this consideration in that a customer who wishes to obtain speciality goods like gourmet foods is not greatly concerned with how far he must go or the length of time it takes to get them.This implies that store location can be directly linked to the merchandise available within. This theory put forward by Mazze can be seen in practice by Emporium Kalu. The store is located in Naas, Co. Kildare, Ireland. This is not a large, heavily populated city with substantial daily footfall. It is a relatively small commuter suburb where many people reside but work in capital city Dublin. The store itself is positioned on the corner of a pedestrianised lane which meets the main street of Naas.This location ‘offers the kind of environment that attracts a more discerning shopper ‘, (Varley, 2006: Pg. 173). While Emporium Kalu’s location may not be preeminent, it offers the product ranges and service that consumers are willing to travel for. The owners leverage it’s merchandise and style expertise in a way that makes up for what it may lack in store location, so much so that it has been honoured with being ranked as one of the fifty best boutiques in the British Isles, (www. telegraph. co. uk). Right Quantity at the Right TimeVarley, (2006: Pg. 110), holds that getting the ‘right’ quantities of merchandise delivered into the retail organisation at the right time is necessary to satisfy both basic customer needs and retail management goals. The implications of getting product levels wrong are great; too much stock will threaten the profitability of a range and increase holding costs and too little stock wil l cause a loss of customers and sales, both direct and complementary. These errors can occur as a result of late deliveries, late orders or choosing the incorrect size mix.Choosing the perfect size configuration for a company store program requires careful calculation, (Cook Kimbrough, 2008: Pg. 36). A retailer must decide how much of a particular product line is needed for their store, (Varley, 2006: Pg. 110). Similar to the other ‘right’s, this decision is highly dependent on a fashion retailers target audience. Cook Kimbrough, (2008: Pg. 36), is of the opinion that a good rule of thumb is to think of the bell curve when choosing your sizes for your range. Sizes in the middle tend to sell about twice as much as the sizes at the extreme.As can be seen, the ‘right’ quantity includes many different factors and cannot be considered independently. Emporium Kalu operates with an exclusive image. They pride themselves on offering product that is ‘different to what you will find somewhere else’, (O’Dwyer as cited in Harris, 2011). They achieve this exclusivity factor through both the labels they offer and through their size configuration. They are not the business of mass selling product. ‘We want the consumer to feel special when she wears her clothing and she can be confident that she will not see other people wearing the same outfit.That is why we buy our ranges relatively wide as opposed to deep’, (Louise Flanagan, 2011). Therefore, the co-owners do not purchase large quantities of each style in-store which creates the ‘exclusive’ feeling. This strategy has proven to be extremely successful for this boutique and is the ‘right’ quantity for their customer and their retail organisation. Right Price Setting prices in today’s intensely competitive and dynamic retail environment is a complex task and developing a detailed understanding of consumer behaviour and buying patterns lies at the heart of any successful pricing strategy, (Gordon et al. 2006: Pg. 22). Retailers can use price in conjunctions with product quality, customer service quality and selling environment to make a very clear statement about the image they wish to communicate and about where they belong in the market, (Varley, 2006: Pg. 13). Therefore, pricing is directly linked to a retailers specific target market and the level of product quality they offer. This is clearly seen in the three main retailing pricing structures that Zentes et al. , (2011: Pg. 256) puts forward; 1. Value/ budget Price: Focuses on low cost and high volume selling of product. 2. Medium Price: Focuses on 3.Premium Price: Focuses on attracting customers who are less concerned with price and more interested product quality and prestige. In order for a fashion retailer to succeed with their pricing structure and charge the ‘right’ price, product quality and consumer expectations need to be aligned. Empo rium Kalu is positions themselves in the premium price segment. They attract the type of consumer described in this segment by Zentes et al’s, (2011: Pg. 256). Kate O’Dwyer verifies this and states that ‘we're about beautiful pieces because there are people who appreciate the special and unique’, (cited in Harris, 2011).Whilst on buying trips, price is not at the forefront of the minds of the co-owners, it is more about whether the collection and quality is a good fit for the store and their customer, ‘if we love a piece, we have to have it’, (Flanagan, 2011). This pricing structure prevails for Emporium Kalu as they attract customers who are in pursuit of product prestige and service over lower cost. Right Personnel What has not been included in the ‘retailing’s formula for perfection’, and should be considered as a new addition, is having the right personnel to carry out the final step in the retailing process, that is, s elling product to the consumer.The rational for this inclusion is for without converting store visits into sales, the bottom line cannot be achieved and the other ‘rights’ are meaningless. Kotler et al. , (2005:446), too acknowledges personnel importance and states that it is a key way for a brand to stand out in the mind of the consumer is through providing top quality service as service is important to customers. Having the right personnel in your store can be an invaluable tool in creating and retaining customer loyalty. Individual help by floor staff, personal shoppers or stylists will enhance the customers experience and perception of the brand.For â€Å"it is here at the customer interface that business is either won or lost†, (Jackson et al. , 2009:84). This idea of the right personnel is central to the store offering in Emporium Kalu. The owners Louise Flanagan and Kate O’Dwyer, right from the beginning were focused on not only providing the custom er with exceptional quality products and brands but also exceptional service, (Louise Flanagan, 2011). This outstanding customer service is delivered through unrivalled, individual styling and advice, personal tailoring on garments, an in-store deposit facility and one to one after hours service if required.Co-owner Louise prides the store on having staff who provide first class, attentive assistance for all customers who walk through their doors, (2011). The consumer and their requirements are valued and are given the upmost consideration. This she believes, in part, is the way forward for independent retailers today. Offering the customer more than just a product but an enjoyable experience and advice they can trust so they feel confident in their clothes too. ConclusionIn order for a fashion retailer to achieve its retail operations objectives a number of considerations need to be taken into account and the customer is central to each. When choosing the ‘right’ produ ct, the target customer needs to be at the core of all decisions. Trends in their choices, spending power and what influences them are fundamental in selecting different collections. The product has to have the ability to satisfy the consumer, (Varley, 2006: Pg. 76). Jackson et al. , (2009: 83), maintains that uniqueness in product, a high level of quality and providing unique product benefits are a â€Å"critical differentiator in fashion†.When choosing a retailer’s location, in order for it to be ‘right’, the customer’s perception of the shopping task and the characteristics of the community and trading area need to be considered. If chosen appropriately, location can be a source of competitive advantage. Getting the quantities of merchandise ‘right’ for a retail organisation is highly dependent on a fashion retailers target audience and they what they require. It is a decision that cannot be made independently and is affected by timi ng and sizing issues.In order for a fashion retailer to succeed with their pricing structure and charge the ‘right’ price, product quality and consumer expectations need to be aligned. This will create loyalty among customers if a retailer can deliver on their pricing structure. The proposed additional ‘right’ of retailing, the right personnel could prove to be key in gaining a competitive advantage in the marketplace today. Offering the customer benfits other than the product like an enhanced in-store experience will aid the fashion retailer to endure the current difficult market conditions.

Customer Relationship Marketing ( Crm ) - 963 Words

Introduction Customer Relationship Marketing (CRM) is more focused on what happens after a customer is acquired. The goal is to develop a long-term customer relationship that benefits both the customer and the company. This summary will discuss the purpose of customer relationship marketing, the customer value versus the company value, strategies used to implement CRM, and review companies that have successfully implemented customer relationship marketing programs. Purpose of CRM Relationship marketing aims to build mutually satisfying long-term relationships with key constituents in order to earn and retain their business. The four main constituents are customers, employees, marketing partners, (i.e. suppliers, distributors, dealers) and financial partners (i.e. shareholders, investors). The outcome of relationship marketing is a company asset called marketing network. The marketing network consists of the company and supporting stakeholders with whom it has built mutually profitable business relationships. Customer relationship marketing is often confused with customer relationship management. Their abbreviations are the same but they have two different meanings. CRM is a range of one-on-one relationship marketing programs based on the level of company and customer value. Customer relationship management is the management of those relationships. Gregor mentions in â€Å"The Marketing Audit Comes of Age†, it is the process of carefully managing detailed information aboutShow MoreRelatedAn Evaluation on the Customer Relationship Management (Crm) Service Marketing (Sm) with Special Reference to Emirates Airline†30191 Words   |  121 PagesDISSERTATION â€Å"AN EVALUATION ON THE CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT (CRM) amp; SERVICE MARKETING (SM) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO EMIRATES AIRLINE† March 8, 2010 By: YASIR ALI 0811866996244 Dissertation submitted In the partial fulfillment of the requirement For the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (FINANCE) UNIVERSITY OF WALES, UK. March 2010 Submitted by: YASIR ALI, UNIVERSITY ID: 0811866996244 Dissertation Declaration Form DECLARATION This work has not previously acceptedRead MoreAn Evaluation on the Customer Relationship Management (Crm) Service Marketing (Sm) with Special Reference to Emirates Airline†30204 Words   |  121 PagesDISSERTATION â€Å"AN EVALUATION ON THE CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT (CRM) amp; SERVICE MARKETING (SM) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO EMIRATES AIRLINE† March 8, 2010 By: YASIR ALI 0811866996244 Dissertation submitted In the partial fulfillment of the requirement For the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (FINANCE) UNIVERSITY OF WALES, UK. March 2010 Submitted by: YASIR ALI, UNIVERSITY ID: 0811866996244 Dissertation Declaration Form DECLARATION ThisRead MoreCustomer Relationship Management ( Crm )1583 Words   |  7 PagesChapter 2 : CRM study 2.1 Defining CRM Customer relationship management (CRM) is an approach that company’s use to manage, analyze and interact with customers. 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Performance evaluation also helps in taking corrective action in terms of modifying program features and relationship marketing objectives. Without proper performance metrics to evaluate CRM efforts, it would be hard to make objective decisions regarding continuance, variation, or cancellation of CRM programs. (Parvatiyar Sheth, 2001). Most